Biography of Plutarch

Full Name and Common Aliases

Plutarch, known in full as Lucius Mestrius Plutarchus, is often simply referred to as Plutarch. In the realm of classical literature and philosophy, he is a towering figure whose works have transcended time, earning him a place among the most quoted and revered thinkers of antiquity.

Birth and Death Dates

Plutarch was born around 46 AD in the small town of Chaeronea, located in the region of Boeotia in central Greece. He lived a long and productive life, passing away around 119 AD. His lifespan, bridging the 1st and 2nd centuries AD, was a period of significant cultural and intellectual activity within the Roman Empire.

Nationality and Profession(s)

Plutarch was a Greek by nationality, and his professional life was as diverse as it was distinguished. He was a philosopher, biographer, essayist, and priest. His work as a Middle Platonist philosopher and his role as a priest at the Temple of Apollo at Delphi were particularly notable, reflecting his deep engagement with both intellectual and religious life.

Early Life and Background

Plutarch was born into a well-established family in Chaeronea, a town with a rich historical backdrop. His early education was likely influenced by the intellectual traditions of Greece, and he later studied philosophy in Athens under the tutelage of Ammonius. This education laid the foundation for his lifelong engagement with philosophy and literature. Plutarch's family background and education provided him with the means and the motivation to travel extensively, including visits to Rome and Alexandria, where he furthered his studies and engaged with the leading thinkers of his time.

Major Accomplishments

Plutarch's major accomplishments are primarily literary and philosophical. He is best known for his series of biographies known as "Parallel Lives," which paired Greek and Roman figures to draw moral and ethical comparisons. This work not only provided insights into the lives of significant historical figures but also offered reflections on human character and virtue. Additionally, his collection of essays, "Moralia," covers a wide range of topics, from ethics and religion to politics and education, showcasing his intellectual breadth and depth.

Notable Works or Actions

The "Parallel Lives" is undoubtedly Plutarch's most famous work, consisting of 48 biographies that have been a source of inspiration and information for centuries. Each pair of biographies, such as those of Alexander the Great and Julius Caesar, was crafted to highlight the virtues and vices of these leaders, offering lessons that transcended their historical contexts. "Moralia," another significant contribution, is a compilation of over 60 essays and dialogues that delve into philosophical questions and practical ethics, reflecting Plutarch's commitment to exploring the complexities of human nature.

Impact and Legacy

Plutarch's impact on literature and philosophy is profound. His works have been a cornerstone of classical education for centuries, influencing writers, historians, and philosophers alike. The moral and ethical insights found in his biographies and essays have resonated through the ages, shaping the thoughts of figures such as Shakespeare, Montaigne, and Emerson. His ability to weave narrative with philosophical inquiry has made his works enduringly popular, ensuring his place in the canon of Western literature.

Why They Are Widely Quoted or Remembered

Plutarch is widely quoted and remembered for his ability to distill complex human experiences into accessible and thought-provoking narratives. His exploration of character and morality in "Parallel Lives" provides timeless lessons on leadership, integrity, and the human condition. The aphoristic quality of his writing, combined with his keen observations on human nature, has made his quotes particularly resonant. Whether discussing the virtues of a statesman or the follies of ambition, Plutarch's insights continue to offer guidance and reflection for readers across generations. His works serve as a bridge between the ancient and modern worlds, offering wisdom that remains relevant in contemporary discourse.