Sartre Jean Paul
Jean-Paul Sartre: The Father of Existentialism
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Full Name and Common Aliases
Jean-Paul Sartre was born on June 21, 1905, in Paris, France. He is commonly referred to as J.P.S.
Birth and Death Dates
Birth Date: June 21, 1905
Death Date: April 15, 1980 (aged 74)
Nationality and Profession(s)
Sartre was a French philosopher, playwright, novelist, and literary critic. He is widely regarded as one of the most influential thinkers of the 20th century.
Early Life and Background
Jean-Paul Sartre was born to Jean-Baptiste Sartre and Anne-Marie Schweitzer, a teacher and a mother who died when he was just nine years old. His father remarried soon after, but their relationship was strained. Sartre's early life was marked by feelings of guilt and inadequacy, which would later influence his philosophical ideas.
Sartre attended the Lycée Condorcet in Paris, where he excelled academically. However, he dropped out of high school at 16 to pursue a career in writing. During World War I, Sartre served as an ambulance driver and was captured by German forces in 1940. He spent time in a prisoner-of-war camp before escaping and making his way back to France.
Major Accomplishments
Sartre's philosophical ideas had a profound impact on modern thought. Some of his key accomplishments include:
Developing the concept of "existentialism," which posits that human beings have complete freedom to choose their actions.
Introducing the idea of "bad faith" (mauvaise foi), where individuals deny or avoid responsibility for their choices.
Notable Works or Actions
Some of Sartre's most notable works include:
"Being and Nothingness: An Essay on Phenomenological Ontology" (1943) - a comprehensive exploration of existentialist philosophy.
"No Exit" (1944) - a play that explores the concept of hell as a place where individuals are trapped with others who embody their own worst qualities.
Sartre was also an outspoken advocate for human rights and social justice. He was involved in various activist movements, including the French resistance during World War II.
Impact and Legacy
Jean-Paul Sartre's ideas have had a lasting impact on modern thought. His emphasis on individual freedom and responsibility has influenced fields such as psychology, sociology, and politics. Many notable thinkers, including Simone de Beauvoir and Martin Heidegger, have been influenced by his work.
Why They Are Widely Quoted or Remembered
Sartre's quotes are widely quoted due to their thought-provoking nature and relevance to contemporary issues. Some of his most famous quotes include:
"Man is condemned to be free; because once thrown into the world, he is forced to choose."
"The only way to deal with an unfree world is to become so absolutely free that your very existence is an act of rebellion."
Overall, Jean-Paul Sartre was a pioneering thinker who challenged conventional wisdom and inspired generations of philosophers, writers, and activists. His work continues to be widely read and studied today.
Quotes by Sartre Jean Paul
Though impervious to the sacred, I loved magic. The cinema was a suspect appearance that I loved perversely for what it still lacked. That streaming was everything, it was nothing, it was everything reduced to nothing.
Algo comienza para terminar: la aventura no admite añadidos; sólo cobra sentido con su muerte. Hacia esta muerte, que acaso sea también la mía, me veo arrastrado irremisiblemente.
Ya no puedo recibir de estas soledades trágicas nada más que un poco de pureza vacía.
Construyo mis recuerdos con el presente. Estoy desechado, abandonado en el presente. En vano trato de alcanzar el pasado; no puedo escaparme.
El tiempo es demasiado ancho, no se deja llenar. Todo lo que uno sumerge en él se ablanda y se estira.
Cada instante aparece para traer los siguientes. Me aferro a cada instante con toda el alma; sé que es único, irremplazable, y sin embargo no movería un dedo para impedir su aniquilación.
Así es el tiempo, el tiempo desnudo; viene lentamente a la existencia, se hace esperar y cuando llega uno siente asco porque cae en la cuenta de que hacía mucho que estaba allí.